Profiling lets you find out how long a program takes to run and even how long each function call from the different modules used takes.
The example is a script with a function that receives the size of a randomly generated NxN matrix and returns the inverse matrix. Then a list of sizes is generated randomly. A loop goes through the list and, inside the loop, the inverse matrix is created.
The script is saved with the name ej4.py.
The script code is shown below:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#Se importa numpy como np
import numpy as np
#Se crea la función que invierte una matriz de valores aleatorios
def Inversa(n):
a = np.matrix(np.random.rand(n, n))
return a.I
#Se define una lista de tamaños de la matriz
tamagno = 2 ** np.arange(0, 12)
#Se recorre la lista de tamaños y se invierte cada matriz con la
#funcion.
for n in tamagno:
Inversa(n)From the console, run ipython --pylab. Then run the command %run -t ej4.py, which returns the execution time in the user layer and the system layer. Then run %run -p ej4.py, which returns the execution times of each function.
ecrespo@jewel:~/bin/python/matplotlib$ ipython --pylab
Python 2.7.3rc2 (default, Apr 22 2012, 22:35:38)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
IPython 0.13.1 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
? -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help -> Python's own help system.
object? -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.
Welcome to pylab, a matplotlib-based Python environment [backend: TkAgg].
For more information, type 'help(pylab)'.
In [1]: %run -t ej4.py
IPython CPU timings (estimated):
User : 8.79 s.
System : 0.13 s.
Wall time: 6.17 s.
In [2]: 850 function calls in 6.201 seconds
Ordered by: internal time
ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function)
12 5.556 0.463 5.556 0.463 {numpy.linalg.lapack_lite.dgesv}
24 0.236 0.010 0.236 0.010 {numpy.core.multiarray._fastCopyAndTranspose}
12 0.229 0.019 0.229 0.019 {method 'rand' of 'mtrand.RandomState' objects}
12 0.058 0.005 0.058 0.005 {method 'astype' of 'numpy.ndarray' objects}
12 0.042 0.004 0.042 0.004 {method 'copy' of 'numpy.ndarray' objects}
24 0.036 0.001 0.036 0.001 {numpy.core.multiarray.zeros}
12 0.022 0.002 5.909 0.492 linalg.py:404(inv)
1 0.012 0.012 6.200 6.200 ej4.py:5(<module>)
12 0.006 0.001 6.188 0.516 ej4.py:9(Inversa)
1 0.001 0.001 6.201 6.201 {execfile}
12 0.000 0.000 5.851 0.488 linalg.py:244(solve)
1 0.000 0.000 6.201 6.201 interactiveshell.py:2390(safe_execfile)
12 0.000 0.000 0.036 0.003 numeric.py:1830(identity)
12 0.000 0.000 5.909 0.492 defmatrix.py:808(getI)
12 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 linalg.py:99(_commonType)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {open}
24 0.000 0.000 0.043 0.002 defmatrix.py:233(__new__)
36 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 defmatrix.py:279(__array_finalize__)
36 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 linalg.py:66(_makearray)
36 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {numpy.core.multiarray.array}
12 0.000 0.000 0.236 0.020 linalg.py:139(_fastCopyAndTranspose)
24 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method '__array_prepare__' of 'numpy.ndarray' objects}
12 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'view' of 'numpy.ndarray' objects}
12 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 linalg.py:127(_to_native_byte_order)
75 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {isinstance}
36 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 numeric.py:167(asarray)
12 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 defmatrix.py:55(asmatrix)
12 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'transpose' of 'numpy.ndarray' objects}
60 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {issubclass}
12 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 linalg.py:151(_assertRank2)
36 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 linalg.py:71(isComplexType)
12 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 linalg.py:157(_assertSquareness)
24 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 linalg.py:84(_realType)
36 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {getattr}
61 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {len}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 posixpath.py:312(normpath)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 posixpath.py:118(dirname)
30 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'append' of 'list' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 syspathcontext.py:55(__enter__)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {posix.getcwdu}
12 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {max}
24 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'get' of 'dict' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {numpy.core.multiarray.arange}
1 0.000 0.000 6.201 6.201 py3compat.py:173(execfile)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 posixpath.py:341(abspath)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 syspathcontext.py:62(__exit__)
12 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {min}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 posixpath.py:60(join)
5 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'startswith' of 'unicode' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {_codecs.utf_8_decode}
1 0.000 0.000 6.201 6.201 <string>:1(<module>)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'encode' of 'unicode' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'split' of 'unicode' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'rfind' of 'unicode' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 posixpath.py:249(expanduser)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 utf_8.py:15(decode)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'remove' of 'list' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 posixpath.py:51(isabs)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'insert' of 'list' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'rstrip' of 'unicode' objects}
2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'setdefault' of 'dict' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 syspathcontext.py:52(__init__)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'join' of 'unicode' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'endswith' of 'unicode' objects}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {sys.getfilesystemencoding}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'disable' of '_lsprof.Profiler' objects}
You can find the code on bitbucket (broken link).
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